Nemačka izgubila primat u intra-EU trade, i beleži trgovinski deficit u 2022. godini skoro 50 mlrd EUR. Nemačka i dalje dominira od svih zemalja članica EU u extra-EU trade, i dalje je sa suficitom od 128 mlrd EUR (najniže od 2011. godine).
Vrednost EU trgovinskog bilansa (intra+extra EU-trade) u periodu 2002-2022 značajno je pogoršan. Suficit iz 2002. godine od 129 mlrd EUR prerastao je 2022. godine u deficit od 304 mlrd EUR (tri ipo puta veći od trgovinskog deficita 2006-2008). U dve posmatrane godine Nemačka je beležila trgovinski suficit od 134 mlrd EUR i 87 mlrd EUR, respektivno.
Intra EU-trade u 2022. pokazuje deset država članica sa trgovinskim suficitom (dominira Holandija sa 328,6 mlrd EUR), a čak 17 sa trgovinskim deficitom – od kojih je Nemačka imala 48,1 mlrd EUR. U 2022. godini sedam država članica imalo je trgovinski suficit za trgovinu robom unutar EU (a bilo ih 9 u 2002), a čak 20 trgovinski deficit (a bilo ih je 18 u 2002). Tokom posmatranog perioda deficit u Bugarskoj, Španiji, Poljskoj i Sloveniji se promenilo u suficit, a trgovinski suficit u Nemačkoj, Danskoj i Finskoj se promenilo u deficit.
Nemačka dominira u vrednosti izvoza robe unutar EU. U 2022. godini, vrednost izvozne trgovine robom unutar EU kretala se od 863 mlrd EUR (363 mlrd EUR 2002).
Pokrivenost uvoza izvozom u Nemačkoj je nepovoljna. U inter+extra EU-trade bila je 105% (a 126% 2002), inter-EU trade 95% (a 117% 2002), a u extra-EU trade 122% (a 138% u 2002).
Od svih država članica EU Nemačka značajno učestvuje u trgovini medicinskim i farmaceutskim proizvodima (23,9% izvoza EU, 17,5% uvoza EU). Slično je sa gvožđem i čelikom. Skoro tri petine (58,5%) svih automobila izvezenih iz EU potiču iz Nemačke. Problem dolazi otuda što je za sve ove industrijske sektore visoka zavisnost za energijom, koja beleži dramastičan rast cena i poskupljuje proizvodnju. Svedoci smo i da se pojedine elektrane zatvaraju, što dodatano otežava složenu situaciju u kojoj se nalazi sektor prerađivačke industrije u Nemačkoj.
Izvor: Eurostat
Napomena: vrednosti na y-osi izražene su u mlrd EUR
Germany lost its dominance in trade within the EU, and in 2022 it recorded a trade deficit of almost €50 bil. Germany continues to dominate all EU member states in extra-EU trade with a surplus in 2022 of €128 bill (lowest since 2011).
The value of the EU trade balance (intra+extra EU-trade) in the period 2002-2022 deteriorated significantly. The 2002 surplus of €129 bill turned into a deficit of €304 bil in 2022 (three and a half times the trade deficit in 2006-2008). In the two observed years, Germany recorded a trade surplus of €134 bill or €87 bill.
Trade within the EU in 2022 shows ten member countries with a trade surplus (dominated by the Netherlands with €328.6 bil), and as many as 17 with a trade deficit – of which Germany had €48.1 bill. In 2022, seven member countries had a trade surplus within the EU (9 of them in 2002), and as many as 20 had a trade deficit (18 of them in 2002). In the observed period, Germany’s trade surplus turned into a deficit.
Germany dominates the value of exports of goods within the EU. In 2022, the value of export trade within the EU was €863 bil (€363 bil in 2002).
Coverage of imports by exports in Germany is unfavorable. In intra+extra EU trade, it was 105% (and 126% in 2002), in trade within the EU 95% (and 117% in 2002), and in trade outside the EU 122% (and 138% in 2002).
Of all EU member states, Germany takes a significant share in the turnover of medical and pharmaceutical products (23.9% of EU exports, 17.5% of EU imports). It is similar to iron and steel. Almost three-fifths (58.5%) of all cars exported from the EU come from Germany. The problem exists in all industrial sectors due to high dependence on energy, which makes production more difficult and expensive. We are also witnessing the shutdown of certain power plants, which further complicates the complex situation in which the manufacturing industry sector in Germany finds itself.
Source: Eurostat
Note: values on the y-axis are expressed in EUR billion