Poslednjih godina srpski radnik se suočava sa dramatičnim padom životnog standarda.
Koeficijenti dinamike izvozno-uvozne strukture cele privrede beleže poboljšanje u posmatranom periodu.
Analiza sektorskih koeficijenata dinamike promene strukture izvoza i uvoza (prikazani na slici za svaki sektor privrede, SMTK rev.3) pokazuju da su od značaja (>1) za srpsku privredu sledeći sektori:
sektor 0 – Hrana i žive životinje
sektor 1 – Piće i duvan
sektor 4 – Životinjska i biljna ulja i masti
sektor 7 – Mašine i transportni uređaji
sektor 8 – Razni gotovi proizvodi
Promene u strukturi izvoza i uvoza u dva posmatrana podperioda pokazuje da su unutar sekotra prerađivačke industrije sektor 7 i sektor 8 popravili svoju eksternu strukturu, ali su je zato pokvarili sektor 5 i sektor 6 (i pored izraženih komparativnih prednosti ovog sektora). Rezultat nagle promene u eksternoj strukturi prerađivačke industrije jeste rast proizvodnje i izvoza mašina i transportnih uređaja.
Izvozno-uvozna struktura privrede predstavlja analizu pojedinih sektora privrede i njihovo rangiranje prema stepenu važnosti u međunarodnoj razmeni. Izvozno-uvozna struktura po sektorima privrede prikazana je preko učešća pojedinih sektora u eskternoj razmeni.
Napomena: kalkulacije autora na bazi podataka RZS
The external structure of the Serbian economy in the period 2005-2014 improved compared to the period 2001-2006. This improvement was largely the result of the increasing coverage of imports by exports, which reached 71% in 2013 (measured in US dollars).
The coefficients of change in the export-import structure of the overall economy show improvement during the observed period. The analysis of sectoral coefficients of change in the structure of exports and imports (presented for each sector according to SITC Rev. 3 classification) indicates that the following sectors are of significant importance (>1) for the Serbian economy:
- Sector 0 – Food and live animals
- Sector 1 – Beverages and tobacco
- Sector 4 – Animal and vegetable oils and fats
- Sector 7 – Machinery and transport equipment
- Sector 8 – Miscellaneous manufactured goods
Changes in the export and import structure across the two observed sub-periods show that within the manufacturing industry, Sector 7 and Sector 8 improved their external position, while Sector 5 and Sector 6 experienced a deterioration (despite their expressed comparative advantages). The result of the rapid change in the external structure of the manufacturing industry was an increase in the production and export of machinery and transport equipment.
The export-import structure of the economy represents an analysis of individual sectors and their ranking according to their importance in international trade. The sectoral export-import structure is presented through the share of each sector in total external trade.
Note: Author’s calculations based on data from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.