Gotovo je neverovatno da celu deceniju istovetni faktori ugrožavaju poslovnu aktivnost u Srbiji. Jasna je dilema: kapaciteti ili volja!?
Podaci Svetskog ekonomskog foruma pokazuju da su faktori koji već hronično narušavaju poslovanje u Srbiji neefikasna državna birokratija, pristup finansijskim sredstvima, korupcija i politička nestabilnost. Ovi faktori su, pokazuju izveštaji od ranije, bili zastupljeni u najvećem procentu. U poređenju sa 2006. godinom udeo političke nestabilnosti je više nego prepolovljen. Sa druge strane, blago su povećani neefikasnost birokratije (kao posledica nepotizma i politike) i pristup finansijskim sredstvima (nepovoljni krediti), dok je korpucija povećana za 50%. Nisko je učešće, ali dvostuko veće nego u 2006. godini, kriminala i krađa. Ostali faktori su manje-više zadržavali svoja učešća.
Šta je potrebno činiti?!? Da bi se otklonili faktori koji narušavaju poslovanje na mikro nivou privrede, potrebno je pre svega uskladiti društveno-političke kriterije, a potom usaglasiti investicije u ljudski kapital, stimulisati tražnju i proizvodnju shodno međunarodnim kriterijumima, stvarati inovativne kapacitete, zatim podsticati privatni sektor i sektor malih i srednjih preduzeća, koji bi u kasnijim fazama i sami preuzeli deo inovativnih delatnosti, i konačno povećati efikasnost vladinih podsticaja privrednom rastu i razvoju. Pritom, treba imati u vidu da mikroekonomska konkurentnost mora biti zasnovana na međunarodnim standardima i, naravno, biti u funkciji makroekonomske konkurentnosti.
Izvor: The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-15
It is almost unbelievable that the same factors have been undermining business activity in Serbia for an entire decade. The dilemma is clear: capacity or political will!?
Data from the World Economic Forum show that the factors that chronically disrupt business operations in Serbia are an inefficient state bureaucracy, limited access to finance, corruption, and political instability. These factors, as earlier reports indicate, have consistently accounted for the largest shares. Compared to 2006, the share of political instability has been more than halved. On the other hand, inefficiency of the bureaucracy has slightly increased (as a consequence of nepotism and political influence), as has access to finance (due to unfavorable credit conditions), while corruption has increased by as much as 50%. Although still relatively low, the share of crime and theft is twice as high as in 2006. Other factors have largely maintained their relative importance.
What needs to be done!? In order to eliminate the factors that undermine business activity at the microeconomic level, it is first necessary to align socio-political criteria, and then to coordinate investments in human capital, stimulate demand and production in line with international standards, build innovative capacities, encourage the private sector and small and medium-sized enterprises – which in later stages can themselves take over part of innovative activities – and finally increase the effectiveness of government incentives aimed at economic growth and development. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that microeconomic competitiveness must be based on international standards and, naturally, serve the purpose of macroeconomic competitiveness.
Source: The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–15