Status zaposlenih u Srbiji je veoma nepovoljan. Smanjenje ukupne zaposlenosti povezano je sa padom učešća kategorije zaposlenih radnika.
Podaci pokazuju da je učešće zaposlenih prema statusu, u posmatranom periodu, najnepovoljnije u kategoriji zaposleni radnici, dok je u preostale dve kategorije manje-više nepromenjeno. Ukupna zaposlenost smanjena za 21% u 2013. godini, u poređenju sa 2004. godinom, a posmatrano po statusu zaposlenih beleženo je smanjenje samozaposlenih za 13%, zaposlenih radnika za 24% i pomažućih članova domaćinstva za 13%.
Kategorija zaposlenih radnika prati stopu zaposlenosti (negativan trend). Kategorija samozaposleni odražava podsticaje privrede privatnoj inicijativi i podršku malim i srednjim preduzećima, koja je izražena u Srbiji poslednjih godina. Uzgred, visoko učešće samozaposlenih u privredi može biti rezultat razvoja sektora usluga, ali i sektora poljoprivrede. To je doprinelo da, u poređenju sa drugim zemljama u okruženju, a i zemljama EU, Srbija ima veći procenat samozaposlenih. U ovoj kategoriji, veća je zastupljenost muškaraca nego žena. Pozitivno je i to što raste broj zaposlenih u privatnom sektoru (preko polovine svih zaposlenih). Kategorija pomažući članovi domaćinstva imaju gotovo nepromenjen udeo u ukupno zaposlenima.
Status zaposlenosti je pokazatelj dinamike tržišta rada i nivoa razvijenosti zemalja. Prema podacima, očigledno je da Srbija ne može da se pohvali sa dinamikom tržišta radne snage, kao ni stepenom razvijenosti ekonomije.
Napomena: Izračunava se kao odnos svake ove kategorije prema ukupnoj zaposlenosti.
Izvor: Anketa o radnoj snazi
The status of employment in Serbia is highly unfavourable. The decline in total employment is closely associated with a reduction in the share of employees (paid workers).
Data show that, during the observed period, the most pronounced deterioration by employment status occurred in the category of employees, while the other two categories remained more or less unchanged. Total employment declined by 21% in 2013 compared to 2004. By employment status, the number of self-employed persons decreased by 13%, employees by 24%, and contributing family workers by 13%.
The category of employees closely follows overall employment trends, exhibiting a persistent negative trajectory. The self-employed category reflects incentives for private initiative and support for small and medium-sized enterprises, which have been present in Serbia in recent years. Moreover, a high share of self-employment may result from the expansion of the services sector as well as agriculture. This has contributed to Serbia having a higher proportion of self-employed persons compared to neighbouring countries and the EU. Within this category, men are more strongly represented than women. A positive development is the increasing number of employees in the private sector, which now accounts for more than half of total employment. The category of contributing family workers has maintained an almost unchanged share in total employment.
Employment status is an important indicator of labour market dynamics and the level of economic development. Based on available data, it is evident that Serbia cannot be characterised by a dynamic labour market, nor by a high level of economic development.
Note: Each category is calculated as a share of total employment.
Source: Labour Force Survey