Najvećim delom izvoz Srbije čine proizvodi iz prerađivačke industrije (oko 90%). Porastao je udeo visoko tehnološki intenzivnih proizvoda prerađivačke industrije, a smanjen je udeo nisko i srednje tehnološki intenzivnih proizvoda prerađivačke industrije.
Efekti svetske krize odrazili su se nepovoljno na srpsku ekonomiju 2009. godine. Pad izvoza je bio značajan u svim proizvodnim sektorima srpske ekonomije.
Od početka tranzicije do 2009. godine izvoz prerađivačke industrije imao je udeo i preko 90%, dok je u narednim godinama u blagom opadanju. U posmatranom periodu porastao je (trostruko) udeo High-tech proizvoda i u 2013. godini dostigao je skoro 50% ukupnog izvoza prerađivačke industrije. Sa druge strane, smanjen je udeo Mid-tech (dvostruko) i Low-tech (za 5 procentnih poena) proizvoda.
Posmatrano prema pojedinim granama prerađivačke industrije, u posmatranom periodu, najveći rast beleže visoko tehnološki intenzivne grane prerađivačke industrije: Proizvodnja motornih vozila i prikolica i Proizvodnja ostalih saobraćajnih sredstava.
Upravo je to uticalo na visok rast izvoza u 2013. godini. Značajan pad srednjetehnološki intenzivnih proizvoda prerađivačke industrije najvećim delom je posledica pada proizvodnje nekoliko grana prerađivačke industrije: Štampanje i umnožavanje audio i video zapisa, Proizvodnja koksa i derivata nafte, Proizvodnja proizvoda od gume i plastike i Proizvodnja proizvoda od nemetalnih minerala. Nisko intenzivne grane prerađivačke industrije beleže blagi pad i to zbog pada u granama Proizvodnja duvanskih proizvoda i Proizvodnja tekstila.
Export growth in Serbia during the global economic crisis was driven by highly technology-intensive production (high-tech). In the period 2009–2014, a strong cumulative growth of the high-tech sector was recorded (index 390).
The effects of the global crisis adversely affected the Serbian economy in 2009, when exports declined significantly across all production sectors. Despite the negative impact of the crisis and the contraction of external demand, Serbian industry has recorded export growth since 2009. By 2014, cumulative export growth was achieved across all technologically intensive production processes.
The highest growth, observed by individual branches of manufacturing, was recorded in highly technology-intensive industries, particularly in 2011 and 2013. These include the manufacture of fabricated metal products (excluding machinery), computers, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment, and machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified. In 2013 and 2014, the strongest growth was achieved by the highly technology-intensive manufacturing branches of motor vehicles and trailers, as well as other transport equipment. Overall, high-tech industries account for more than 50% of total manufacturing exports.
The weak cumulative growth of medium technology-intensive manufacturing products (mid-tech) is largely the result of declining production in several manufacturing branches, especially in 2011 and 2012, including printing and reproduction of recorded media, manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products, rubber and plastics products, and non-metallic mineral products.
Low-technology-intensive manufacturing branches (low-tech) recorded only modest cumulative growth, primarily due to declines in the manufacture of tobacco products and textiles.
Source: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS), author’s calculations