Rast izvoza u Srbiji tokom svetske ekonomske krize postojao je zahvaljujući visoko tehnološki intenzivnoj proizvodnji (high-tech). U periodu 2009-2014. godina zabeležen je višestruki kumulativni rast high-tech sektora (indeks, 390).
Efekti svetske krize odrazili su se nepovoljno na srpsku ekonomiju 2009. godine. Pad izvoza je bio značajan u svim proizvodnim sektorima srpske ekonomije.
I pored negativnih efekata krize, smanjenja inostrane tražnje, od 2009. godine sprska industrija beleži rast izvoza. U 2014. godini ostvaren je kumulativan rast izvoza industrije kod svih tehnološki intenzivnih proizvodnih procesa.
Najveći rast, posmatrano prema pojedinim granama prerađivačke industrije, beleži visoko tehnološki intenzivna proizvodnja, posebno u 2011. i 2013. godini. To su Proizvodnja metalnih proizvoda, osim mašina; Proizvodnja računara, elektronskih i optičkih proizvoda; Proizvodnja električne opreme i Proizvodnja nepomenutih mašina i opreme. U 2013. i 2014. godini najveći rast beleže visoko tehnološki intenzivne grane prerađivačke industrije Proizvodnja motornih vozila i prikolica i Proizvodnja ostalih saobraćajnih sredstava. Uz to, high-tech čini preko 50% ukupnog izvoza prerađivačke industrije.
Slab kumulativni rast srednje tehnološki intenzivnih proizvoda prerađivačke industrije (mid-tech) najvećim delom je posledica pada proizvodnje nekoliko grana prerađivačke industrije, naročito 2011. i 2012. godine: Štampanje i umnožavanje audio i video zapisa, Proizvodnja koksa i derivata nafte, Proizvodnja proizvoda od gume i plastike i Proizvodnja proizvoda od nemetalnih minerala.
Nisko intenzivne grane prerađivačke industrije (low-tech) beleže blagi kumulativni rast i to zbog pada u granama Proizvodnja duvanskih proizvoda i Proizvodnja tekstila.
Izvor: podaci RZS, proračuni autora
Export growth in Serbia during the global economic crisis was driven by highly technology-intensive production (high-tech). In the period 2009–2014, a strong cumulative growth of the high-tech sector was recorded (index 390).
The effects of the global crisis adversely affected the Serbian economy in 2009, when exports declined significantly across all production sectors. Despite the negative impact of the crisis and the contraction of external demand, Serbian industry has recorded export growth since 2009. By 2014, cumulative export growth was achieved across all technologically intensive production processes.
The highest growth, observed by individual branches of manufacturing, was recorded in highly technology-intensive industries, particularly in 2011 and 2013. These include the manufacture of fabricated metal products (excluding machinery), computers, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment, and machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified. In 2013 and 2014, the strongest growth was achieved by the highly technology-intensive manufacturing branches of motor vehicles and trailers, as well as other transport equipment. Overall, high-tech industries account for more than 50% of total manufacturing exports.
The weak cumulative growth of medium technology-intensive manufacturing products (mid-tech) is largely the result of declining production in several manufacturing branches, especially in 2011 and 2012, including printing and reproduction of recorded media, manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products, rubber and plastics products, and non-metallic mineral products.
Low-technology-intensive manufacturing branches (low-tech) recorded only modest cumulative growth, primarily due to declines in the manufacture of tobacco products and textiles.
Source: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS), author’s calculations